国内外炼焦行业水污染排放标准比较

Comparison of Chinese and foreign water pollution discharge standards of coking industry

炼焦行业是水污染物排放的主要行业之一,国家和地方已开始高度关注其水污染排放标准。为了解我国炼焦行业废水排放的标准体系,围绕污染物控制和管理水平改善目标,系统研究了美国、欧盟、日本等国家与我国炼焦行业废水的污染物排放标准,从排放标准的建立体系、排放限值等方面进行了对比分析。结果表明,国外相关标准的执行有很强的法律支撑;日本地方政府在标准实施中具有很强的能动性;美国及欧盟将排放限值与处理技术相结合,且排放要求更加严格。结合我国现行标准体系提出了以下几点建议:提高相关废水处理技术,积极推进最佳可行技术(Best Available Technology,BAT)体系建设,及时更新排放标准和加强相关标准法律效力,以期为焦化废水排放和污染物控制提供依据,为我国炼焦行业减排方案制定和废水排放标准的修订与实施工作提供参考。

Coking industry is one of the main industries of water pollutant emission,and the state and local governments have begun to pay close attention to water pollution discharge standards.In order to understand the discharge standard system of coking wastewater in China and improve the level of pollutant control and management,the discharge standards of coking wastewater in the United States,the European Union,Japan and China were systematically studied.Furthermore,the establishment system and limit value were comparatively analyzed.The analysis results showed that the implementation of relevant foreign standards possessed strong legal support;Japanese local governments had a strong initiative in standard implementation;the United States and the European Union combined emission limits with treatment technologies,and the emission requirements were more stringent.Combining with China’s current standard system,some suggestions on improving relevant wastewater technology,actively promoting the construction of BAT(Best Available Technology)system,timely updating the discharge standards,and strengthening the legal effects of relevant standards were put forwarded.It provides basis for coking wastewater discharge and pollutant control,and to offer reference for the formulation of emission reduction plan and the revision and implementation of wastewater discharge standards in China’s coking industry.