促进在线同伴互评中学习者批判性思维发展研究

A Study on Promoting Development of Learner's Critical Thinking in Online Peer Assessment

批判性思维作为21世纪学习者核心素养之一,其实质是基于事实性证据进行合理推断、质疑和辨析的思维过程。在线学习为批判性思维的发展提供新的视角和研究方向,特别是以协作交互为核心的在线学习活动,推动了学习者批判性思维的高阶发展。研究从同伴反思和同伴讨论两个视角设计在线同伴互评学习活动,运用Murphy的批判性思维框架对同伴交互数据进行编码分析,采用滞后序列分析和认知网络分析探索在线同伴互评不同阶段学习者批判性思维的发展特征。研究结果显示:(1)批判性思维发展是一个连续统,由低阶层次向高阶层次持续发展;(2)在线同伴互评不同阶段的批判性思维因问题空间的构建与消解而呈现不同特征;(3)在线同伴互评活动影响批判性思维的发展。研究从在线同伴互评视角探索学习者批判性思维的发展过程,为有效促进在线学习环境中批判性思维发展提供实践参考。

Critical thinking,as one of the core literacies of learners in the 21st century,is essentially a thinking process based on factual evidence for reasonable inferencing,questioning and analyzing.Online learning provides new perspectives and research directions for the development of critical thinking.In particular,online learning activities characterized by collaborative interaction promote the higher-order development of learners'critical thinking.With the design of online peer assessment learning activities from two perspectives of peer reflection and peer discussion,this study uses Murphy's critical thinking framework to analyze peer interaction data,and uses lag sequential analysis and cognitive network analysis to explore developmental characteristics of learners'critical thinking at different stages of online peer assessment.The results show that:(1)the development of critical thinking is a continuum that progresses continuously from lower order to higher order;(2)critical thinking at different stages of online peer assessment presents different characteristics due to the construction and dissolution of problem spaces;(3)online peer assessment activities have an effect on the development of critical thinking.This study explores the development process of critical thinking of learners from the perspective of online peer assessment,and provides a practical reference for effectively promoting the development of critical thinking in online learning environment.