试论表证与因势利导法

Comment on external syndrome and capitalize on the trend method

表证,指外感初起、病位在表的病证,对于非外感而病症在表者,亦可使用“其在皮者,汗而发之”之法。文章通过对表证与在表之症的讨论,辨析二者的区别与联系,指明在表之症也可借用汗而发之的思路进行治疗。通过对发汗解表治法的溯源,阐释“因势利导”的3层含义,指出临证时应在辨证论治与辨证知机的基础上,通过对主证、病机之先后缓急的综合判断,利用病症部位之内外高下、病变脏腑之气化特点以及病邪自身之趋向性进行选方谴药,往往能够达到更好的临床治疗效果。

For syndrome caused by exogenous evil gas,we often name the initial stage when the disease location is in the surface as external syndrome,and for non-exogenous patients with symptoms on the surface,both of them can be treated with the sudorific method.This paper discusses the differences and relations between the external syndrome and the symptoms of the surface,and points out that the symptoms of the surface can also be treated by using the idea of sweating.By tracing the source of the sudorific method and interpret the three aspects of‘capitalize on the trend’,we points out that in clinical,on the basis of syndrome differentiation and pathogenesis,by estimating the main syndrome and core pathogenesis in the order of urgency,making a prescription according to the location of diseases,pathological changes of the zang-fu viscera gasification characteristics and the tendency of the pathogenic factor can often achieve better clinical therapeutic effect.