彝医病症分类的历史沿革及体系形成研究

Research on the historical evolution and system formation of Yi medicine symptom classification

运用文献研究法与田野调查法深入挖掘与整理彝医病症用药类古籍,阐释病症基本内涵,系统梳理病症历史沿革,发现彝医病症用药类古籍是研究以“病根-病症-药性”为发展模式的彝医病症论治体系的切入点。彝医自上古时期就出现了病症原始认知;汉代形成“病症-病根-药性”认识的雏形;唐代彝医典籍《哎哺啥呃》提出七门六路、八根八相等理论,为阐释彝医生命时空理论奠定基础,进而为病症分类提供理论依据;南北朝时期形成“查病症-探病根-断药性”的关联认识;元明清时期记载病症的古籍数量到达顶峰,形成分科理念为主的病症分类体系。对彝医病症分类的历史沿革及体系形成进行研究,发现彝医病症论治体系,在生命时空理论与原创思维模式“气浊二元论”的模塑下,形成“查病症-探病根-断药性”的辨治模式,是彝医诊治疾病的特色和优势。

By using the methods of literature research and field investigation,the ancient books of medicine for Yi medical symptom were deeply excavated and sorted out,the basic connotation of symptom was explained,and the historical evolution of the symptom was systematically sorted out.It was found that the ancient books of Yi medicine were the entry point for the study of the symptom treatment system of medicine for Yi medicine conditions based on the development mode of‘disease root-symptom-medicinal property’.The primitive cognition of symptoms appeared in Yi medicine since ancient times.In Han dynasty,the understanding prototype of‘symptom-disease root-medicinal property’was formed.The Yi medicine classic book AiBu ShaE in the Tang dynasty,puts forward the theory of seven portals and six paths,eight organs and eight bodyparts,which laid the foundation for the interpretation of the space-time theory of life of Yi medicine,and then provided the theoretical basis for the classification of symptoms.In the Northern and Southern dynasties,the association of‘symptom detection-disease root exploration-drug judging’was formed.In Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,the number of ancient books recording syndromes reached its peak,forming a syndrome classification system dominated by the idea of subdivision.By studying the historical evolution and system formation of the classification of Yi medicine syndromes,it is found that under the model of the life space-time theory and the original thinking mode of‘Qi and Zhuo dualism’,the diagnosis and treatment system of Yi medicine symptoms have formed the pattern of‘symptom detection-disease root exploration-drug judging’,which is the characteristic and advantage of Yi medicine diagnosis and treatment of diseases.