基于快速康复护理理念的护理对行永久性心脏起搏器植入术的中老年患者的影响

Effect of nursing based on the concept of fast-track surgery on middle-aged and elderly patients undergoing permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation

目的分析行永久性心脏起搏器植入术的中老年患者接受基于快速康复护理理念的护理效果。方法选取山东省公共卫生临床中心2015年10月至2020年10月收治的84例拟行永久性心脏起搏器植入术的中老年患者为研究对象,使用随机数字表法分别纳入对照组和观察组,各42例。对照组接受常规护理,观察组接受基于快速康复护理理念的护理,并比较2组的护理效果。结果观察组的术后首次下床活动时间早于对照组,住院时间短于对照组,住院费用少于对照组,且并发症发生率比对照组低,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。2组在术后3 d的Kolcaba舒适度量表各维度评分均较同组术后6 h升高(P均<0.05),观察组在术后6 h的Kolcaba舒适度量表各维度评分均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。出院前1 d、术后3个月,2组的健康调查量表36(SF-36)评分均较同组术前1 d升高(P均<0.05);观察组出院前1 d的SF-36评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论行永久性心脏起搏器植入术的中老年患者接受快速康复护理理念护理可促进其尽早恢复,提高其术后舒适度和短期内的生活质量,还可降低其术后并发症发生率。

Objective To analyze the intervention effect of nursing based on the concept of fast-track surgery on the middle-aged and elderly patients undergoing permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation.Methods A total of 84 middle-aged and elderly patients scheduled for permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation in Shandong Public Health Clinical Center from October 2015 to October 2020 were selected as the research objects and divided into a control group and an observation group by using a random number table,each with 42 cases.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received nursing based on the concept of fast-track surgery.The nursing effects of the two groups were compared.Results The first time to get out of bed after operation and the length of hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,and the hospitalization costs and complication rate were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The scores of each dimension of Kolcaba’s general comfort questionnaire in the two groups at 3 days after operation were higher than those at 6 hr after operation(all P<0.05).At 6 hr after operation,the scores of each dimension of Kolcaba’s general comfort questionnaire in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).At 1 day before discharge and 3 months after operation,the 36-item short-form health survey(SF-36)scores of the two groups were higher than those at 1 day before operation(all P<0.05).At 1 day before discharge,the SF-36 scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion For middle-aged and elderly patients undergoing permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation,the nursing based on the concept of fast-track surgery can promote the early recovery,improve the postoperative comfort and short-term quality of life,and reduce the postoperative complication rate.