基于赋能理论的健康教育对行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的干预效果

Intervention effect of health education based on empowerment theory on patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

目的分析基于赋能理论的健康教育对行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者的干预效果。方法选取2019年8月至2020年12月于福建省立医院行LC的126例患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(63例)和观察组(63例)。对照组患者在住院期间接受常规护理,观察组患者在住院期间以常规护理为基础接受基于赋能理论的健康教育。比较2组的疼痛程度、情绪状态、生活质量、并发症和护理满意率。结果2组在术后6 h、术后24 h、术后48 h和术后72 h的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分均逐渐降低(P均<0.05)。术后24 h和术后48 h,观察组的VAS评分均低于同期对照组(P均<0.05)。出院时,2组的焦虑、抑郁情绪评分均明显较同组入院时降低(P均<0.05),且观察组均低于对照组(P均<0.05);2组的生活质量各项评分均较同组入院时明显升高,且观察组均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。观察组的并发症总发生率低于对照组,护理满意率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论对行LC患者开展基于赋能理论的健康教育,能有效改善患者的疼痛程度,缓解其不良情绪,降低其并发症发生率,提高其生活质量和护理满意率。

Objective To analyze the intervention effect of health education based on the empowerment theory on patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods A total of 126 patients who underwent LC at Fujian Provincial Hospital from August 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled and divided into a control group(63 cases)and an observation group(63 cases)by using a random number table.During hospitalization,the control group was given routine nursing,and the observation group was given health education based on the empowerment theory on the basis of routine nursing.The pain intensity,emotional status,quality of life,complications,and nursing satisfaction rate were compared between the two groups.Results The visual analogue scale(VAS)scores at 6 hr,24 hr,48 hr,and 72 hr after surgery of the two groups were gradually decreased(all P<0.05).At 24 hr and 48 hr,after surgery,the VAS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(both P<0.05).At discharge,the anxiety and depression scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those at admission(both P<0.05),and the observation group was lower than the control group(both P<0.05).The scores of quality of life of the two groups were significantly higher than those at admission,and the observation group was higher than the control group(all P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in control group,and the nursing satisfaction rate was higher than that in control group(both P<0.05).Conclusion Health education based on the empowerment theory for patients undergoing LC can effectively relieve their pain and negative emotions,reduce the incidence of complications,and improve their quality of life and nursing satisfaction rate.