弱刚性薄壁件制孔工艺的对比研究

Comparative research on hole processing technology of thin-walled parts with low rigidity

由于铝合金薄壁件刚性弱,采用常规麻花钻制孔易造成薄壁件变形,导致孔的尺寸精度差及孔壁出口质量低。通过理论分析常规麻花钻制孔时产生孔形变和出口毛刺的原因,提出适用于弱刚性薄壁件的套料钻制孔工艺;采用有限元方法仿真模拟套料钻制孔工艺对孔尺寸精度及表面质量的提升情况,与麻花钻制孔工艺对比并进行实验验证。实验结果表明,针对铝合金薄壁结构件,在相同加工条件下,套料钻制孔工艺相比常规麻花钻制孔工艺具备更高的制孔尺寸精度和更优的孔壁出口质量。

Due to the low rigidity of aluminum alloy thin-walled parts, the conventional twist drill can cause the deformation of thin-walled parts, then reduce the dimensional accuracy and outlet quality of holes.The material deformation and burr generation during conventional twist drilling process were theoretically analyzed and the nesting drill hole processing technology was provided in the same hole making conditions.Based on the Finite Element Method(FEM) simulation analysis, it found that the nesting drill hole processing technology improved the hole size accuracy and the surface quality, compared with the twist drilling and then the experimental verification was established.The results show that in the same processing conditions, the nesting drill hole processing technology is more suitable for drilling aluminum alloy thin-wall parts, compared with the conventional twist drill, which can obtain higher machining dimensional accuracy and better qualities in the outlet of the hole.