病理性近视眼影像学生物标志物的研究现状

Update of imaging biomarkers of pathological myopia

高度近视和病理性近视的患病率正逐年增加,会造成严重的视力损害和社会危害。然而对高度近视和病理性近视的早期诊断、进展预判和治疗效果的评估等问题尚未解决。近年来,影像学技术的不断发展以及多模态成像的应用为病理性近视的诊断、疾病进展的监测及治疗效果的评估提供了有力的依据,尤其部分特异性影像学生物标志物的发现更有助于病理性近视的早期诊治和对其相关机制的认识。因此,本文就眼底照相、光学相干断层扫描和光学相干断层扫描血管造影中的病理性近视影像学生物标志物进行综述。

The prevalence of high myopia and pathological myopia is increasing year by year,causing serious visual impairment and social harm.However,the problems concerning early diagnosis,progress prediction,and therapeutic effect assessment of high myopia and pathological myopia have not been solved.In recent years,the continuous development of imaging technology and the application of multimodal imaging have provided a powerful basis for the diagnosis of pathological myopia,the monitoring of disease progression,and the evaluation of therapeutic effect.In particular,the discovery of some specific imaging biomarkers facilitates the early diagnosis and treatment of pathological myopia and the understanding of related mechanisms.This paper reviews the imaging biomarkers of pathological myopia found in fundus photography,optical coherence tomography,and optical coherence tomography angiography.