中国冰雪专利国际申请竞争情报的实证分析

Empirical Analysis of the Competitive Intelligence of China's Ice and Snow International Patent Applications

以欧洲专利局数据库中收录的2001—2020年中国、美国、德国、法国冰雪专利国际申请项数、国际专利分类(IPC)、专利发明人及专利权人等专利信息为调查对象,运用专利分析法,从宏观、中观、微观三个层面分别对四个国家冰雪专利国际申请的投入产出、申请趋势、专利申请策略、合作群体网络、专利共生技术、热点技术主题等进行分析。结果表明,与主要竞争对手相比,中国冰雪专利国际申请的企业研发占比和团队研发规模较小,尚未形成较为成熟的合作群体网络,技术研究领域较窄,共生融合程度低,热点技术同质性较高。因此加强研发核心技术、调整冰雪专利申请策略、重视重点领域的扩展和技术冷点的开发与应用等,应是未来关注的焦点。

The numbers of international applications for ice and snow patents,International Patent Classification(IPC),inventors and patentees of China,the United States,Germany and France from 2001 to 2020 collected in the Database of the European Patent Office were investigated by patent analysis method.The paper analyzes the input-output,application trend,patent application strategy,cooperative group network,patent symbiosis technology and hot technical topics of international application of ice and snow patent in four countries from macro,medium and micro levels.The results show that compared with the main competitors,the r&d proportion of enterprises applying for international ice and snow patents in China is smaller,the r&d scale of the team is smaller,the mature cooperative group network has not been formed,the technology research field is narrower,the degree of symbiosis and integration is lower,and the hot technology is higher.Therefore,strengthening the research and development of core technologies,adjusting the application strategy of ice and snow patent,paying attention to the expansion of key fields and the development and application of technology cold spots should be the focus in the future.