皖中地区乡村住宅在地性设计研究——以桐城大关镇为例

A Research on the Localized Design of Rural Residence in Central Anhui——A case study of Daguan Town in Tongcheng City

乡村建设热潮中的兵营式农居点和城市小洋房,忽视了附着于土地上的诸多在地性因素及其内在联系,建筑与场地环境和人的生活相割裂,乡村风貌的自然性与多样性被严重破坏。通过文献调研、田野调查以及量化分析等方式,对皖中地区传统民居的文化特征、地域建筑特征、立面材质色彩、聚落空间结构进行梳理研究,挖掘其在地性建筑特征,并结合当地乡村住宅的现状问题以及不同家庭人口结构类型的居住需求,设计出三种建筑单体基本单元,通过空间营造、外立面营建、屋面造型重构的在地性设计策略以及基本单元拼联方式的多样变化,结合当地传统聚落组团与空间结构形式,塑造能延续乡村风貌与聚落肌理、符合在地性的乡村人居场所。

The emergence of barrack-like rural settlements and urban-style small villas in the construction boom gives rise to the ignorance of many local factors attached to the land and their internal relations.Buildings are uncorrelated with the site environment and people’s lives and the naturality and diversity of rural style and features are damaged seriously.Based on literature research,field investigation and quantitative analysis,this paper combs and studies the cultural characteristics,regional architectural features,facade material color and settlement spatial structure of traditional folk houses in Central Anhui to excavate the distinctions of the localized architecture in this area.Three basic units of single building are designed according to the current issues of local rural houses and the living needs of various family demographic patterns.Applying the localized design strategy in space construction,facade building and roof re-modeling and also diversifying the space combination of basic units,the paper aims to construct the localized rural residential place in the form of traditional settlement groups and spatial structure to continue the rural features and the settlement texture.