非营养性吸吮在改善持续喂养早产儿营养状况及机体发育中的效果观察

Effects observation of non-nutritive sucking on improving nutritional status and body development in premature infants fed continuously

目的 探讨非营养性吮吸在改善持续喂养早产儿营养状况及机体发育中的效果。方法 选择2019年12月—2020年12月医院出生的早产儿92例,按组间基本特征匹配原则分成对照组和观察组,每组46例。对照组行常规干预,观察组行非营养性吮吸干预。比较两组肠内营养相关指标、喂养不耐受发生率、生长发育及行为发育情况。结果 观察组肠道营养达418.4 kJ、喂奶量恢复时间、达全胃肠喂养时间、胃管留置时间短于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总喂养不耐受发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组出生恢复体质量时间短于对照组,干预2周后体质量、身长高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组纠正胎龄40周时行为发育各项评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。头围与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论非营养性吮吸可有效改善持续喂养早产儿营养状况,促进体格及行为发育,减少喂养不耐受的发生。

Objective To investigate the effects of non-nutritional sucking on improving nutritional status and body development in premature infants after continuous feeding. Methods 92 premature infants delivered in hospital from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group according to the principle of basic characteristic matching, with 46 cases in each group. The control group received routine intervention, the observation group received non-nutritional sucking intervention. The enteral nutrition-related indexes, feeding intolerance incidence, growth and behavior development of the two groups were compared. Results The intestinal nutrition of the observation group was 418.4 kJ, the recovery time of feeding volume, the feeding time of whole gastrointestinal tract and the indwelling time of gastric tube were shorter than the control group(P<0.05). The incidence of total feeding intolerance in observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05). The time to recover body weight at birth in the observation group was shorter than the control group, and body weight body length were higher than the control group after 2 weeks of intervention(P<0.05). The scores of behavioral development in the observation group at 40 weeks of corrected gestational age were higher than the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in head circumference between two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Non-nutritive sucking could effectively improve nutritional status, promote physical and behavioral development, and reduce feeding intolerance of premature infants.