外泌体在糖尿病心肌病中的机制研究进展

Research on mechanism of exosome in diabetic cardiomyopathy

糖尿病心肌病随糖尿病发病率的增高而增加,最初表现为心肌纤维化、功能失调性重塑和相关的舒张功能障碍,随后表现为收缩功能障碍,最终表现为临床心力衰竭。外泌体是细胞外膜囊泡的一个亚组,富含多种生物活性脂质、受体、转录因子、表面蛋白、DNA和非编码RNA。它们通过从宿主细胞传递生物活性分子来调节受体细胞的生理过程,在介导细胞间信号方面发挥着重要作用。研究表明,来自不同类型心肌细胞的外泌体携带的细胞蛋白和非编码RNA在心室肥大等疾病条件下的心脏重塑中具有关键作用。本研究综述外泌体在糖尿病心肌病中的发病机制研究进展。

The incidence of diabetic cardiomyopathy increases with the increasing rate of diabetes mellitus.Diabetic cardiomyopathy is initially characterized by myocardial fibrosis,dysfunctional remodeling and associated diastolic dysfunction,followed by systolic dysfunction,finally leading to clinical heart failure.Exosomes are a subgroup of extracellular vesicles,which are enriched in a variety of bioactive lipids,receptors,transcription factors,surface proteins,DNA and non-coding RNA.They regulate the physiological process of recipient cells by carrying bioactive molecules from host cells and play an important role in mediating intercellular signals.Studies have shown that the cellular proteins and non-coding RNA carried by exosomes from various types of cardiomyocytes play a key role in cardiac remodeling of the patients with ventricular hypertrophy and other diseases.This review summarizes the research progress of exosomes in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.