突发性自然灾害事件中危机传播的原则与策略浅析 --以“7·20河南暴雨”为例

Analysis of Crisis Dissemination and Strategies in Sudden Natural Disaster Events--Taking the“July 20 Rainstorm in Henan”as an Example

突发性自然灾害事件作为危机事件的一种,由于其突发性等特征比其他的危机事件具有更多的不确定性与反复性。该种危机事件发生时信息的传播容易产生舆论的混乱从而引起民众的恐慌,所以相较其他突发性事件在进行危机传播活动时更需要讲求一定的原则与策略。以“7·20河南暴雨”为例,运用斯蒂文·芬克危机传播阶段分析理论对该突发性自然灾害事件中政府、媒体与公众所进行的危机传播进行分析。就分析提出原则和策略上的建议,以期对之后突发性自然灾害危机事件中的危机传播提供一些启示。

Due to the uncertainty and frequency of sudden natural disaster events,the crisis and crisis dissemination generated in the event need to pay more attention to the crisis dissemination strategy than those in other events.By combining case analysis and literature analysis,this paper analyzes the crisis and crisis dissemination process and dissemination strategies generated by the July 20 Henan rainstorm by combing the concepts of crisis and crisis dissemination generated by the sudden natural disaster events and applying Steven Fink’s crisis communication stage analysis theory and the 5S principle of crisis dissemination,and puts forward some suggestions on crisis dissemination and strategy in the event of sudden natural disasters in order to give some enlightenment in the event of sudden natural disasters.