西安国际陆港通关效率评价及优化

Evaluation and Optimization of Customs Clearance Efficiency of Xi'an International Inland Port

通关效率是国际陆港衡量进出口货物通关速度的重要指标。文章从通关环节视角出发构建了西安国际陆港通关效率评价指标体系,对指标进行相关性分析,剔除相关性高的指标。采用变异系数法选取分辨能力高的指标。基于问卷调查结果应用TOPSIS方法进行评价,分别从企业维度和海关维度探索西安国际陆港通关效率的制约因素:企业换取提货单时间、企业报关人员专业水平、企业申报内容的规范性和合法性、风险判别、自报自缴覆盖率、汇总征税覆盖率、海关之间的协调度、查验随机布控比例、装卸运输设备数量、查验货物规模的大小程度、查验结果录入耗费时间。最后提出通关效率优化对策,具有一定的理论意义和实践意义。

Customs clearance efficiency is an important indicator for international inland port to measure the speed of customs clearance of imported and exported goods.This paper constructs the evaluation index system of customs clearance efficiency of Xi'an International Inland Port from the perspective of customs clearance,analyzes the correlation of the indicators,and eliminates the indicators with high correlation.The coefficient of variation method was used to select the index with high resolving power.Based on the results of the questionnaire survey,the TOPSIS method was used for evaluation,and the restrictive factors of the customs clearance efficiency of Xi'an International Inland Port were explored from the enterprise dimension and the customs dimension:the time for the enterprise to exchange the bill of lading,the professional level of the enterprise customs declaration personnel,the standardization and legality of the enterprise declaration content,Risk identification,self-report and self-payment coverage rate,aggregate taxation coverage rate,coordination between customs,inspection random deployment ratio,quantity of loading and unloading transportation equipment,size of inspection goods,and input of inspection results are time-consuming.Finally,optimization strategy of customs clearance efficiency is proposed,which has certain theoretical and practical significance.