亲代教育程度对太原市3岁及以下儿童患龋影响的调查研究

Survey research in the influence of parental education level on caries in children aged 3 and below in Taiyuan

目的调查分析亲代教育程度对太原市3岁及以下儿童患龋状况的影响,为社区根据亲代教育程度的差异高效预防低龄儿童患龋提供相关依据。方法随机抽取太原市高校职工社区与非高校职工社区各1所,选取这两所社区中于2019年10月至2020年10月行预防接种的3岁及以下儿童739名(高校职工社区儿童350名、非高校职工社区儿童389名)进行口腔检查及问卷调查。结果350名高校职工社区儿童的患龋率为28.57%,龋均为1.42,治疗率为4.11%。389名非高校职工社区儿童患龋率为49.61%,龋均为2.34,治疗率为2.29%。高校职工社区儿童的患龋率明显低于非高校职工社区儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。影响高校职工社区儿童患龋的独立危险因素有:不定期口腔检查(OR=1.721,95%CI:1.618~4.840,P<0.05)、饮用含糖饮料(OR=5.429,95%CI:2.482~11.874,P<0.05)、刷牙时间少(OR=1.732,95%CI:1.065~2.816,P<0.05)、不定期涂氟(OR=1.426,95%CI:1.195~3.933,P<0.05)。影响非高校职工社区儿童患龋的独立危险因素有:与父母共用餐具(OR=1.440,95%CI:1.241~3.804,P<0.05)、甜食进食频率高(OR=2.199,95%CI:1.497~3.229,P<0.05)、刷牙时间少(OR=1.592,95%CI:1.117~2.270,P<0.05)、不使用含氟牙膏(OR=2.084,95%CI:1.333~3.257,P<0.05)。结论亲代教育程度对太原市3岁及以下儿童患龋率具有一定影响,社区应根据亲代教育程度进行个性化的低龄儿童口腔健康宣教。

Objective To investigate and analyze the influence of parental education level on caries in children aged 3and below in Taiyuan,and to provide evidence for effective prevention of early childrenhood caries according to parental education level.Methods One university community and one non-university community in Taiyuan were selected randomly.Totally 350(university community)and 389(non-university community)children aged 3 and below who were vaccinated from October 2019 to October 2020 were chosen for oral examination and questionnaire survey.Results There are 350 children in the university community,the prevalence of caries was 28.57%,the mean dft score was 1.42,and the treatment rate was 4.11%.There are 389 children in the non-university community,the prevalence of caries was49.61%,the mean dft score was 2.34,and the treatment rate was 2.29%.The prevalence of caries among children in university community was significantly lower than that in non-university community,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The independent risk factors of caries among children in university community were:irreqular oralexamination(OR=1.721,95%CI:1.618-4.840,P<0.05),drinking sugary beverages(OR=5.429,95%CI:2.482-11.874,P<0.05),less brushing time(OR=1.732,95%CI:1.065-2.816,P<0.05),occasional fluorination(OR=1.426,95%CI:1.195-3.933,P<0.05).The independent risk factors of caries among children in non-university com-munity were:sharing tableware with parents(OR=1.440,95%CI:1.241-3.804,P<0.05),high frequency of sweet food consumption(OR=2.199,95%CI:1.497-3.229,P<0.05),less brushing time(OR=1.592,95%CI:1.117-2.270,P<0.05),not using fluoride toothpaste(OR=2.084,95%CI:1.333-3.257,P<0.05).Conclusion Parental education leval has a certain influence on the prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3 and below in Taiyuan.It is necessary for the communities to carry out targeted oral health education according to the parents′educational level.