内蒙古自治区科尔沁右翼中旗乡镇卫生院卫生资源配置公平性研究

Research on Inner Mongolia Keerqinyouyizhongqi on Gini Coefficient and Lorenz Curve Study on Equity of Health Resource Allocation in Township Health Centers

目的:研究内蒙古科尔沁右翼中旗乡镇卫生院卫生资源配置的公平性,为区域卫生规划和政府决策提供科学依据。方法:采用整群分层随机抽样的方法,对科尔沁右翼中旗9所乡镇卫生院资源配置的公平性进行调查研究,采用Excel和SPSS 15.0软件对数据进行统计分析,采用数学软件Matlab 7.0绘制Lorenz曲线,并计算基尼系数。结果:2016—2020年科尔沁右翼中旗乡镇卫生院占地面积、固定资产总量、总建筑面积、大型仪器设备、实有床位数均呈现较快增长;大型仪器设备、实有床位数、房屋面积按人口数量分布的基尼系数分别为0.60、0.10和0.23,按地理面积分布的基尼系数分别为0.67、0.22和0.29。结论:科尔沁右翼中旗乡镇卫生院规模、布局不尽合理,卫生资源的拥有量较少,硬件条件较差,大型仪器设备资源无论是按人口数量分布,还是按地理面积分布的公平性均较差,在一定程度上造成了看病难、服务不到位等问题,建议通过增加投入、推进乡镇卫生院改革予以解决。

OBJECTIVE Study the equity of health resource allocation in township health centers in Keerqinyouyizhongqi of In-ner Mongolia, and to provide scientific basis for regional health planning and government decision-making. METHODS By using themethod of cluster stratified random sampling, the equity of health resources in 9 township health centers in Keerqinyouyizhongqi ofInner Mongolia was investigated. The data were collected and statistically analyzed by Excel 2007 and SPSS 15.0 software. Lorenzcurve was drawn by mathematical software Matlab 7.0, and Gini coefficient was calculated. RESULTS From 2016 to 2020, the cover-age area, total fixed assets, total construction area, value of large-scale instruments and equipment, number of real beds of townshiphealth center in Keerqinyouyizhongqi of Inner Mongolia showed rapid growth. Gini coefficients of large-scale instruments and equip-ment, number of real beds, housing area distribution by population and geographical area were 0.60, 0.10, 0.23, 0.67, 0.22 and 0.29,respectively. CONCLUSION The scale and layout of township health centers in Keerqinyouyizhongqi of Inner Mongolia were not rea-sonable, the amount of health resources was less, the hardware condition was poor, and the fairness of large-scale equipment resourc-es, whether distributed by population or geographical area, was poor. to a certain extent, it was difficult to see a doctor and the ser-vice is not in place. These problems could be solved by increasing investment and promote the reform of township health centers.