池田内阁对华贸易中的“两个中国”政策以及中国的应对

Ikeda Cabinet’s“Two Chinas”Policy in Trade with China and China’s Response

1960年代初,池田内阁预谋实施“两个中国”新政策以恢复对华贸易,设想既维持同台湾当局的“外交”关系,又承认中国政府为“事实上”的国家政权,并在否认中方所述“政治三原则”的前提下对华订立政府间贸易协定。同时,池田方面隐藏真实意图,并运用欺瞒、安抚和拉拢等策略与美、台、欧三方协调,取得成效后遣人访华。谈判期间,中方鉴于日方不承认政治原则的情况,虽同意恢复两国贸易,但明确规定新贸易体制为民间属性,贸易协议在法律上仍为非官方性质并重新阐释贸易三原则,以此抵制池田“两个中国”企图。

In the early of 1960s,Ikeda cabinet decided to implement the“two Chinas”new policy in order to resume trade with China.Under this policy,Japan maintained diplomatic relations with Taipei authorities,and recognized the Chinese government as a“de facto”state power,and,on the premise of denying the“Three Principles of Politics”,Japan envisaged the conclusion of intergovernmental trade agreements with China.At the same time,Ikeda concealed his real intention and coordinated with the US,Taiwan and Western Europe by using strategies such as deception,appeasement and solicitation.After achieving results,Ikeda sent representatives to visit China.During the negotiations,in view of the fact that Japan did not recognize political principles,China agreed to resume bilateral trade,but clearly stipulated that the new trade system was non-governmental,that the trade agreement was still unofficial in law,and reinterpreted the three principles of trade,so as to resist Ikeda’s attempt to“two Chinas”.