近10年青岛市土地利用景观格局时空变化特征

Spatio-temporal Change Characteristics of Land Use Landscape Pattern in Qingdao in Recent 10 Years

随着城市化的进一步推进,土地的合理分布和使用是区域可持续发展的重要条件之一,因而关注区域土地资源的时空动态与格局具有重要意义。以Landsat TM和Landsat OLI影像为基础数据,通过提取青岛市2009年、2014年、2019年5种土地利用类型,计算得到土地利用类型斑块的景观指数,并分析了山东省东部沿海快速发展地区的土地利用动态变化特征。结果表明,2009—2019年青岛市林地、建设用地面积逐步增加,未利用地持续减少;各时期增长速度不同,除耕地外,其他土地利用类型波动较大,在时空变化上呈现出复杂性;整体景观破碎化程度与各土地利用类型的景观破碎度不具有相关性;青岛市整体景观格局具有多样性,形状较规则、斑块较密集,类型丰富且分布均衡稳定,景观破碎度呈减小趋势。

It is important to focus on spatio-temporal dynamics and pattern of regional land resources. Based on Landsat image data in 2009,2014 and 2019, five land use types in Qingdao were extracted, and landscape index of patches was calculated to analyze the dynamic change characteristics of land use in the rapidly developing areas along the eastern coast of Shandong. The results show that the area of forestland and construction land in Qingdao increased gradually from 2009 to 2019, while the unused land continued to decrease. The growth rate was different in each period. Except for cultivated land, other kinds of land fluctuated greatly with complexity in spatio-temporal variation. There is no correlation between the overall landscape fragmentation degree and landscape fragmentation degree of each land type. The landscape pattern in Qingdao is diverse, with rich types, balanced distribution, regular shapes and dense patches.