多轴载荷下发动机中介机匣强度试验方法研究

Research on Strength Test Method under Multiaxial Load of Engine Intermediate Casing

中介机匣是航空发动机的重要承力构件,它处于风扇和外涵道中间,起着支撑和固定发动机的重要作用;因此,研究中介机匣在飞行时最大载荷下的结构强度,对于发动机的安全设计具有十分重要的意义。发动机工作时的气动载荷和机动载荷,作用在中介机匣各部位上的载荷总数多达24个,而且在多轴载荷作用下的载荷工况组合太多,如果仅针对单一工况设计专用强度试验加载方案,会费时费力且费用较高。因此,本文分析了某发动机中介机匣结构承受多轴载荷的特点,并设计了在多轴载荷状态下一种通用的载荷施加方案,不改变作动筒加载点位置和方向的前提下,能满足不同机动载荷和气动载荷组合形成的多轴载荷的强度试验要求。同时,以某发动机中介机匣强度试验任务书中的极限载荷为例,进行了试验载荷分析和试验实施,验证了该强度试验方法的有效性。

The intermediate casing is an important load-bearing component of the aero-engine.It connects the inner and outer ducts of the aero-engine and plays an important role in supporting and fixing the engine.Therefore,it is very important to conduct a strength test on the intermediate casing and study its stress and strain characteristics under multiaxial loading.The total number of loads acting on each part of the intermediate casing is up to 24,due to the aerodynamic load and maneuvering load when the engine is working.And there are too many load case combinations under the action of multiaxial load.If only a special strength test loading scheme is designed for a single working condition,it will be time-consuming,laborious and costly.Therefore,this paper analyzes the characteristics of a certain engine's intermediate casing structure bearing multi-axial load,and designs a general load application scheme under multi-axial load.Without changing the position and direction of the loading point of the actuator,it can meet the strength test requirements of the multi-axial load formed by the combination of different maneuvering loads and aerodynamic loads.At the same time,the ultimate load in the strength test task book of a certain engine intermediate casing is used as an example to verify the strength test method.