不同除草剂对11种冬小麦田阔叶杂草的防除效果比较

Comparison of the control effects of different herbicides on 11 broadleaf weeds in winter wheat fields

小麦田除草剂的长期使用,造成麦田杂草群落发生变化。为建立不同区域优势杂草种类的化学防除技术,本研究采用室内盆栽法测定了14种除草剂对11种冬小麦田阔叶杂草的防除效果。结果表明,灭草松可以较好地防除冬小麦田野老鹳草、牛繁缕、大巢菜、紫堇、小藜、阿拉伯婆婆纳、播娘蒿、猪殃殃、麦家公等阔叶杂草;吡草醚对野老鹳草、牛繁缕、小藜、阿拉伯婆婆纳、播娘蒿、猪殃殃、麦家公、荠菜等8种杂草防效突出。辛酰溴苯腈可很好地防除牛繁缕、大巢菜、小藜、阿拉伯婆婆纳、播娘蒿、麦家公等6种阔叶杂草;唑草酮对野老鹳草、牛繁缕、阿拉伯婆婆纳、播娘蒿、猪殃殃等5种杂草防效突出。这4种除草剂及其适用浓度与其他供试药剂相比杀草谱更为广泛,对阔叶杂草防效较好。根据不同区域优势杂草种类,合理选用高效除草剂进行防除。

The weed community of wheat-field were diversifying in recent years as a result of long-time use of chemical herbicides.In order to screen effective herbicides for the chemical control of broadleaf weeds in winter wheat field,greenhouse experiments were conducted with 14 herbicides.The results revealed that bentazone was effective in controlling Geranium carolinianum,Myosoton aquaticum,Vicia sinogigantea,Corydalis edulis,Chenopodium ficifolium,Veronica persica,Descurainia sophia,Galium spurium and Lithospermum arvense.Pyraflufen-ethyl was effective in controlling eight broadleaf weeds,namely G.carolinianum,M.aquaticum,C.ficifolium,V.persica,D.sophia,G.spurium,L.arvense and C.bursa-pastori.Bromoxynil octanoate was effective in controlling six broadleaf weeds,namely M.aquaticum,V.sinogigantea,C.ficifolium,V.persica,D.sophia and L.arvense.Carfentrazone-ethyl was effective in controlling five broadleaf weeds,namely G.carolinianum,M.aquaticum,V.persica,D.sophia and G.spurium.Compared with other tested herbicides,these four herbicides have a wider herbicidal spectrum at applicable concentrations and better control effects on broadleaf weeds.According to the dominant weed species in different regions,high-efficiency herbicides were reasonably selected for weed control.