新中国初期(1950-1957)淮河治理工程中的“斡件”要素考察

A Review of Engineering-Orgware Factors in the Project of Huai River Management Early after the Founding of the PRC(1950-1957)

新中国成立后,在财力、物力以及技术、设备等水利工程的“硬件”和“软件”极为缺乏的情况下开启了治淮工程,在淮河流域初步建成较为完整的防洪、排涝和灌溉体系。在这个过程中,“蓄泄兼筹”的工程理念、“集中力量办大事”的工程组织模式及“以人民为中心”的工程价值观等“斡件”要素在一定程度上弥补了“硬件”和“软件”要素的不足。在当今世界百年未有之大变局以及国家治理体系和治理能力现代化建设的背景下,回顾本时期治淮工程的决策和实施过程,对其中的“斡件”要素加以贯穿审视,厘清其在工程实践中的积极意义,有助于准确把握新时代工程建设与发展的历史使命和意义。

During the early days of New China(1950—1957),a relatively complete flood control,drainage,and irrigation system in the Huai River was established by the central government without adequate engineering-hardware and engineering-software,including financial and material resources as well as technology and equipment.In this process,the engineering orgware factors,including the engineering concept of“the balance of flood storage and drainage”,engineering organization mode of“pool resources to address major problems”,and engineering values of“people-centered”,offset the weaknesses of engineering-hardware and engineering-software.Under the background of major change that is rarely seen in a century and the modernization of China’s governance system and capacity,by digging into the decision-making and implementation process of the Project of Huai River Management in that era,the positive functions of engineering-orgware can be examined to clarify which are helpful to accurately grasp the historical mission and significance of engineering construction and development in the New Era.