煤矿水害事故分析与防治对策研究

Research on coal mine water disaster accidents analysis and prevention and control measures

对2019-2021年期间全国矿井水害事故进行了调查和统计。研究认为,老空透水是水害事故的主要类型,地质条件复杂的河南、四川、湖南等省的水害事故占比较大,并且水害事故的事故救援难度普遍较大,洪水倒灌涉险事故较为突出;水文地质条件不清、探放水措施落实不到位、物探代替钻探致使探放水工程量不足、违法违规组织开采、透水征兆重视不足、应对极端天气能力薄弱是水害事故发生的主要原因。从加大水文地质管理监管监察力度、监督煤矿主体严格落实探放水措施、研究制定应对极端天气防范措施、加强防治水专业人才队伍建设、不断提高事故救援技术及装备水平5个方面提出相关对策建议。

The mine water disaster accidents from 2019 to 2021 in China were investigated and counted.The study showed that water inrush in old goaf was the main type of water damage accident,the water disaster accidents in Henan,Sichuan and Hunan and other provinces with complex geological conditions account for a large proportion,and the accident rescue of water disaster accidents was generally difficult,and the flood backflow accidents were more prominent.The main causes of water disaster accidents included unclear hydrogeological conditions,inadequate implementation of water exploration and drainage measures,insufficient engineering quantities of water exploration and drainage caused by geophysical exploration instead of drilling,illegal mining,insufficient attention to water inrush signs,weak ability to deal with extreme weather.The countermeasures and suggestions to prevent coal mine water disaster accidents were put forward from five aspects including strengthening the regulation and supervision of hydrogeological management,supervising coal mines to strictly implement water exploration and drainage measures,studying and formulating preventive technical measures to deal with extreme weather,strengthening the talent team construction of water prevention and control,and continuously improving the level of accident rescue technology and equipment.