生活圈视角下合肥市基层医疗设施空间布局研究

Study on the Spatial Layout of Pimary Mdical Fcilities in Hefei from the Perspective of Life Circle

基层医疗设施作为医疗服务体系的基本单元,对城市的高质量发展具有重要的现实意义,也是建设韧性城市的重要保障。以合肥市中心城区为例,采用GIS核密度、欧式距离等空间分析方法探析基层医疗设施的空间格局,并提出其优化布局的规划路径。研究显示:①基层医疗设施空间分布格局总体表现为一环内集聚、外围梯度递减的“中心—边缘”特征;②5分钟生活圈范围内有药店、诊所的小区比例为44.46%、34.59%,15分钟生活圈范围内有卫生服务中心覆盖的小区比例为55.6%;③可达性较高的地区多分布于老城区,这些地区交通可达性较好,人口分布密集,具有明显的空间分异;④基于设施生活圈的覆盖标准,新增相应的医疗设施可有效提升其服务范围,进一步夯实城市医疗服务水平。

Primary medical facilities are the basic units of the medical service system,which are of great significance to the highquality development of cities and the construction of resilient cities.Taking the central city of Hefei as an example,the spatial analysis methods such as GIS kernel density and Euclidean distance are used to explore the spatial pattern of primary medical facilities and to propose optimization schemes.The study shows that:(i)the distribution of primary medical facilities in general shows a center-edge pattern as the facilities clustering within the first ring zone and decreasing to the periphery;(ii)the proportion of residential distrcts with pharmacies and clinics within the 5-minute living circle is 44.46% and 34.59% respectively,and the proportion with health service centers within the 15-minute living circle is 55.6%;(iii)the areas with high accessibility are mostly located in the old city,which have well-developed transportation,higher population density,representing an obvious spatial characteristic;(iv)based on the requirement of life circle,medical facilities should be added to serve more people and improve the level of urban medical services.