贵州越夏期与越冬期中华蜜蜂病毒病发生的调查

Investigation on the occurrence of honey bee viruses of Apis cerana cerana during the over-summer and-winter in Guizhou Province

蜜蜂是重要的传粉昆虫,在农业生产和生态平衡中起着重大作用。近年来蜜蜂数量大幅下降,由于农药使用、生态污染、气候变化等原因,以及受到天敌如胡蜂Vespidae的影响,更重要的是受到病原如真菌、细菌以及各种病毒的危害。其中蜜蜂病毒病是造成蜜蜂数量减少的重要原因之一。为了调查贵州省越夏期和越冬期中华蜜蜂感染病毒病的情况,利用RT-PCR技术对贵州省兴义市、息烽县、台江县、龙里县采集的样本进行检测。结果显示:贵州省越夏期以红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren病毒Sindbis virus(SINV)为主要流行病毒,而越冬期以囊状幼虫病毒Sacbrood virus(SBV)和黑蜂王台病毒Black queen cell virus(BQCV)为主要流行病毒。本研究初步调查了贵州省主要中蜂饲养区在两个重要饲养阶段发生蜜蜂病毒病情况,这将在一定程度上为防治蜜蜂病毒病提供理论依据。

Honey bees are one of important pollination insects,which play a vital role in agricultural production and ecological balance.In recent years,however,the number of honey bee colonies has sharply fallen due to the use of pesticide,environmental pollution,climate change and other factors such as natural enemies of honey bees,wasps.However,pathogens were considered as the key factors contributing to this decline.Among there pathogens,honey bee viruses were one of the important factors for the decrease of honey bee population.To study the occurrence of honey bee viruses during the over-summer and-winter in Guizhou Province,we used RT-PCR to detect honey bee samples collected from Xingyi City,Xifeng County,Taijiang County,and Longli County of Guizhou Province.Our results showed that Sindbis virus(SINV)was the dominant virus during the over-summer,while Sacbrood virus(SBV)and Black queen cell virus(BQCV)were the major prevalent viruses during the over-winter in Guizhou.This study investigated the occurrence of honey bee viruses in Guizhou,and provided evidence for the prevention and control of honey bee virus in different seasons based on the management in practice.