叉角厉蝽对亚洲玉米螟幼虫的捕食功能反应

Functional response of Eocanthecona furcellata to the larvae of Ostrinia furnacalis

叉角厉蝽Eocanthecona furcellata是一种在生物防治方面有重要作用和潜力的捕食性天敌昆虫,为探明叉角厉蝽对亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis幼虫的控害潜力,在室内温度26℃±1℃、相对湿度65%±10%、光周期16 L∶8 D条件下,观察了叉角厉蝽4龄、5龄若虫和成虫分别对亚洲玉米螟3龄、4龄幼虫的捕食行为,测定了叉角厉蝽对不同亚洲玉米螟密度下的捕食量、搜寻效应以及自身密度和种间干扰对捕食作用的影响。结果表明,叉角厉蝽对亚洲玉米螟的捕食功能反应符合Holling-Ⅱ功能反应模型,叉角厉蝽3个虫龄对亚洲玉米螟3龄与4龄幼虫的理论最大取食量顺序均为:成虫(30.21头)>5龄若虫(24.69头)>4龄若虫(11.96头),相同虫龄的叉角厉蝽对亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫的最大取食量均大于对亚洲玉米螟4龄幼虫的最大取食量。在亚洲玉米螟相同虫龄内,搜寻效应与猎物密度的增加呈负相关。在生存环境和亚洲玉米螟幼虫密度固定的条件下,其平均捕食量和搜寻效应与叉角厉蝽成虫密度的增加呈负相关。叉角厉蝽成虫与亚洲玉米螟幼虫以相同比例增加时,叉角厉蝽成虫种间会产生干扰作用。结果表明了叉角厉蝽对亚洲玉米螟具有较好的控害潜力,为今后高效利用叉角厉蝽田间防治亚洲玉米螟提供了理论依据。

Eocanthecona furcellata is a kind of natural predator which plays an important role and potential in biological control.The predatory potential of E.furcellata to the Ostrinia furnacalis larvae was explored.The predation behavior of the 4;,5;nymphs and adult of E.furcellata on the 3;and 4;larvae of O.furnacalis was observed under conditions of indoor temperature 26℃±1℃,relative humidity 65%±10%,light cycle 16 L∶8 D.The predation amount and searching effect of E.furcellata on O.furnacalis under different densities and the effects of its own density and interspecific disturbance on predation were determined.The results showed that the predation function of the larvae of 3;and 4;larvae of the O.furnacalis was consistent with the Holling II model.Under laboratory conditions,the maximum predation of the E.furcellata adult to the 3;larvae was 30.21,and the theoretical maximum predation amount of the 3;and 4;O.furnacalis larvae was as follows:adult>5;nymph>4;nymph.In the same instar of O.furnacalis,the searching ratio decreased with the increase of prey density.In a certain environment,when the density of prey was fixed,the average predator number and searching ratio of the predator decreased with the increase of predator density.When the same proportion of E.furcellata adults and O.furnacalis larvae increased,E.furcellata adult also produce interspecific interference.The study proved that E.furcellata was efficient for predation on the O.furnacalis,and it also supplied theoretical basis for utilizing E.furcellata to control O.furnacalis in the field.