面向水环境现代化治理的绩效评估与优先区识别——以九龙江流域-厦门湾为例

Performance evaluation and priority area identification for modern governance of water environment:A case study of Jiulong River watershed-Xiamen Bay

以福建省九龙江流域-厦门湾为例,构建了水环境治理绩效评估框架进行综合评估.结果显示,2011~2018年九龙江流域-厦门湾的水环境治理经历3个阶段,治理水平逐步上升,但存在陆源氮磷输入控制有待进一步加强、自然海岸生态修复亟需统筹等问题.结合InVEST模型、克里金插值等方法,借助污染物“源-汇”空间分析手段识别治理优先区,发现厦门岛排污口为氮磷输出主要点污染源、流域东南区域为主要面污染源,而厦门湾西海域是承接污染物的主汇区.进而提出源汇空间绩效科学评估、陆海统筹社会-生态系统监测与管理、适应自然的生态工程解决方案等现代化治理对策.

Jiulong River watershed-Xiamen Bay in Fujian Province was taken as an example to assess the governance performance of the water environment using a water governance evaluation indicators system.Evaluation results showed the performance of water environment governance in the Jiulong River watershed-Xiamen bay was increasing continuously during the three periods(2011~2018).However,there are some significant issues in the modernization of water environmental governance.The input control of land-based nitrogen and phosphorus pollution needs to be further strengthened.Ecological restoration of natural coastal zones need to be coordinated.The INVEST model and Kriging interpolation were combined to identify priority areas for governance using source-sink spatial analysis of pollutants.The analysis results showed that the main point and diffused pollution sources of nitrogen and phosphorus output were the sewage outlet of Xiamen Island and the southeast area of the drainage basin,respectively.The main sink area was the west sea area severely affected.Some modern governance strategies,such as scientific evaluation of source-sink spatial performance,socio-ecological system monitoring and management based on land-sea integration,and ecological engineering solutions adapted to nature,were put forward.