基于IPA分析的综合交通枢纽换乘问题研究——以重庆市沙坪坝综合交通枢纽为例

Comprehensive Transportation Hub Transfer Problems Analysis Based on IPA:A Case Study of Chongqing Shapingba Comprehensive Transportation Hub

为探究制约城市综合交通枢纽换乘效率提升的因素,优化出行者换乘体验,提升枢纽服务质量,促进公共交通导向城市发展(Transit-Oriented Development,TOD)理念的推广,以重庆市沙坪坝综合交通枢纽为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集并统计该枢纽乘客的社会经济属性和出行特征指标数据,获得出行者对换乘地铁、公共汽车、出租车/网约车和私家车的时间、距离、费用、导示标识的重要性感知和满意度评价。通过重要性-满意度分析(Importance-Performance Analysis,IPA)确定各换乘要素改善的优先次序,得知该枢纽的导示标识设计的重要性评价和满意度最高,属于优势因素,需继续保持;地铁、公共汽车的换乘距离及时间的满意度最低,作为亟待改善的弱势环节,是制约枢纽换乘组织发展的关键因素。据此,综合交通枢纽换乘组织的改善可从换乘空间场所营造、停车换乘(Park and Ride,P+R)模式推行和票制票价制定3个角度着手,以提升乘客换乘效率和综合交通枢纽服务水平。

In order to explore the factors restricting the improvement of transfer efficiency of urban comprehensive transportation hubs,optimize the transfer experience of travelers,improve the service quality of the hubs,and popularize the concept of TOD(Transit-Oriented Development),a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect and count the socio-economic attributes and travel characteristics data of travelers at Chongqing Shapingba Comprehensive Transportation Hub.It was designed to obtain the important perception and satisfaction evaluation of travelers on the time,distance,cost and guide signs of changing to subway,bus,taxi/online car hailing and private car.The IPA(Importance-Performance Analysis)could determine the element that needs to be improved first.It revealed that the importance evaluation and satisfaction of the guide sign design of the hub were the highest;as the advantageous factors,they needed to be kept up;the satisfaction of transfer distance and time to subway and bus were the lowest,which were weak links to be improved urgently.It suggested that the improvement of transfer organization of comprehensive transportation hub could be started from three aspects:the construction of transfer space,the implementation of P+R(Park and Ride)mode and the formulation of ticket system and ticket price,so as to improve passenger transfer efficiency and the service level of comprehensive transportation hubs.