档位齿轮预成形形状与工艺参数的复合型蜂群算法优化

Optimization on complex bee colony algorithm of gear preformed shape and process parameters

为了降低档位齿轮的成形载荷并提高锻件的合格率,提出了基于电场法和复合型蜂群算法的预成形形状与工艺参数联合优化方法。基于电场法,得到了各闭合等势线对应的备选预成形形状,同时选择压机速度、摩擦因数、坯料温度等参数作为共同优化参数,以降低成形载荷和提高填充率为目标,建立了多目标优化模型。在人工蜂群算法中引入Metropolis选择准则和复合型优化方法,提出了复合型蜂群算法的参数优化方法。经验证,复合型蜂群算法的参数优化结果好于传统人工蜂群算法。经过仿真和实际生产验证,锻压过程的最大成形载荷由1960 kN降低为1550 kN,产品合格率由91.7%提高为100%,以上数据验证了预成形形状和工艺参数联合优化方法的有效性。

In order to reduce the forming load of gear and improve the qualification rate of forgings, a union optimization method of preformed shape and process parameters based on electric field method and complex bee colony algorithm was proposed. Based on the electric field method, the candidate preformed shapes corresponding to each closed equipotential line were obtained. At the same time, selecting press speed, friction factor, billet temperature as the common optimization parameters, a multi-objective optimization model was established to reduce the forming load and improve the filling rate. Furthermore, the parameter optimization method of the complex bee colony algorithm was proposed by introducing the Metropolis selection criterion into the artificial bee colony algorithm and using the complex optimization method. It was verified that the parameters optimization result of the complex bee colony algorithm was better than that of the traditional artificial bee colony algorithm. Through simulation and actual production verification, the maximum forming load of the forging process is reduced from 1960 kN to 1550 kN, and the product qualification rate is increased from 91.7% to 100%, which verifies the effectiveness of the union optimization method of preformed shape and process parameters.