新冠疫情期间中国高校对外应急话语分析——以致留学生的公开信为例

A Study of the International Emergency Discourse of Chinese Colleges and Universities during the COVID-19 Epidemic

新冠疫情期间中国高校向外籍留学生发布的公开信是其对外应急话语的典型代表。通过采用大数据搜索引擎技术收集2020年春季学期中国各地高校发布的网络公开信,结合内容分析法、话步分析法加以分析后发现:中国高校对外应急话语在内容上包含应急知识、应急管理和应急服务三大维度,当前话语实践中应急管理内容占比最高,其余两类内容体现相对较弱;对外应急话语的影响因素包括应急反应时间、多语资源能力以及话语规划能力等。基于对话语实践与影响因素的分析,文章提出高校应急话语建设的三个建议:找准对外应急话语的定位,提升话语规划能力;整合语言资源,构建对外加强应急话语预案;建设多元主体的对外应急话语体系。

The open letters issued by Chinese colleges and universities to international students during the COVID 19 epidemic are the typical representatives of their international emergency discourse.This study uses the big data search engine to collect,select and collate the online open letters issued to international students by colleges and universities in China during the spring semester of 2020.After analyzing the texts with the content analysis and the move-structure analysis,it concludes that the content of their international emergency discourse includes three dimensions:emergency knowledge,emergency management and emergency service.In the current discourse practice,the content of emergency management accounts for the highest proportion,while the other two categories are relatively weak.The influencing factors of the international emergency discourse include response time,multilingual resources,discourse planning competence,etc..Based on the analysis of the discourse practice and influencing factors,this study puts forward three insights into the construction of the emergency discourse in Chinese colleges and universities:they should identify the role of international emergency discourse,improve their discourse planning competence,integrate language resources,work out international emergency discourse plans and construct a multi-agency international emergency discourse system.