山西省主推小麦品种芽期及苗期的抗旱性评价

Drought resistance of major wheat varieties in Shanxi Province at germination and seedling stages

水分对小麦生长发育具有重要的作用。山西省水资源严重匮乏,鉴定山西省主推小麦品种的抗旱性,对于培育优异抗旱品种具有重要意义。本研究以40份山西省各麦区主推小麦品种为试材,分别在芽期和苗期对其进行模拟干旱(20%PEG-6000)处理,分析干旱胁迫对小麦芽期和苗期形态指标的影响,并利用隶属函数和抗旱综合评价值,对参试小麦品种的抗旱性进行评价。结果表明:小麦芽期和苗期的各项指标均不同程度受干旱胁迫的影响,芽期的芽长、根长、芽鲜重、根鲜重和苗期的叶鲜重、根鲜重受干旱胁迫的影响较大;芽期共筛选出抗旱型品种21个(52.5%),其中山农17综合评价值最高,达0.783;苗期共筛选出抗旱型品种5个(12.5%),分别为山农24、晋麦66、长麦6135、晋麦62、长麦3897;芽期和苗期皆为抗旱型的小麦品种是长麦3897;拟合芽期和苗期抗旱性综合评价值之间的关系表明,参试品种2个时期的抗旱性之间无显著相关性。本研究结果可为山西省选取旱地小麦生产用品种以及抗旱性的改良提供参考。

Water plays an important role in the growth and development of wheat.Shanxi Province is seriously limited by water resources.Therefore,it is imperative to identify the drought resistance of main wheat varieties in Shanxi Province for breeding excellent drought-resistant varieties.In this study,simulated drought(20%PEG-6000)stress was induced at germination and seedling stages of 40 wheat varieties in Shanxi Province.The effects of drought stress on the morphological characteristics of germination and seedling stages were analyzed.The drought resistance of wheat varieties was evaluated by using membership function and comprehensive drought resistance evaluation value.The results showed that various characteristics of wheat germination and seedling stages were affected by drought stress in various degrees.Bud length,root length,bud fresh weight,root fresh weight at the germination stage,and leaf fresh weight and root fresh weight at the seedling stage were significantly affected by drought stress.A total of 21 drought-resistant varieties(52.5%)were screened out at the germination stage,with Shannong 17 having the highest comprehensive evaluation value(0.783).A total of five drought-resistant varieties(12.5%)were selected at the seedling stage,namely Shannong 24,Jinmai 66,Changmai 6135,Jinmai 62,and Changmai 3897.Changmai 3897 was a drought-resistant variety at both the germination and seedling stages.The relationship between the comprehensive evaluation value of drought resistance at the germination and seedling stages were further fitted,showing no significant correlation between the drought resistance of the tested varieties at both stages.Our results can provide a reference for the selection of dryland wheat production varieties and the improvement of drought resistance in Shanxi Province.