化学“变化观念与平衡思想”的评价与思考--基于2021年天津市高中学业水平等级性考试化学学科的分析数据

Assessment and Reflection of the Idea of Change and Balance of Chemistry:An Analysis Based on 2021 Tianjin High School Academic Level Grading Test

通过分析2021年天津市高中学业水平等级性考试化学学科试题考生作答数据,发现考生在化学基本概念和基本理论部分的得分率比2020年明显提高。问卷数据统计分析表明,考生对物质及其变化的认知角度片面、思路零散。对于反应速率、反应转化率、能量转化等知识点,大多数学生还不能从“变化观念和平衡思想”视角综合分析和解决实际问题。据此提出四个方面的教学建议:(1)深度理解课标,转变考试评价理念;(2)开展以真实问题为驱动的学习活动;(3)促进认知角度和认知思路的结构化;(4)积极探索教、学、评一体化的教学方式。

The paper analyzes the performance characteristics of Chemistry paper of High School Academic Level Grading Test in Tianjin 2021.It is found that the score rate of candidates in the basic concepts and theories of chemistry is significantly higher than that in 2020.Statistics of the questionnaire show that candidates’cognition of material and its changes is one-sided and their ideas are scattered.For the knowledge points of reaction rate,reaction conversion rate and energy conversion,most students can not comprehensively analyze and solve practical problems from the perspective of“change balance”.This paper puts forward some teaching suggestions from four aspects:(1)deeply understand the curriculum standard and change the idea of examination evaluation,(2)carry out learning activities according to real problems,(3)promote the structure of cognitive angle and cognitive ideas,(4)actively explore the teaching methods of integrating teaching,learning and evaluating.