试论中国特色社会主义本质的四个层面

On the Four Aspects of the Essence of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

正确认识中国特色社会主义本质,是有效推进中国特色社会主义建设的前提。中国特色社会主义的本质不是单一的,而是具有多层次的规定性,对此可以主要从以下四个层面来理解:价值层面的本质是人的自由全面发展、社会的高度文明和谐;物质层面的本质是生产力的有效解放与发展发达,产品的丰富以及享有上的公共性;制度层面的本质是经济领域的生产资料公有制、政治领域的人民代表大会制、文化领域的马克思主义指导制、社会领域的共建共治共享制、军事领域的党对军队的绝对领导制;领导层面的本质是中国共产党的领导。在这四个层面中,领导层面与制度层面服务于物质层面和价值层面。由于社会主义实践的复杂性以及社会主义探索的开放性,我们在理解中国特色社会主义本质时不能求全责备、期望一劳永逸,而是应保持认识的开放性。

The correct awareness of the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the prerequisite for promoting the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.The essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics is not single level, but multilevel, which can be understood from the following four aspects :The essence of value aspect is the free and all-round development of human beings and the high civilization and harmony of society;The essence of material aspect is the effective liberation and development of productive forces, the enrichment of products and the publicity of sharing;The essence of the system aspect is the public ownership of the means of production in the economic field, the people’s congress system in the political field, the marxist guidance system in the cultural field, the co-construction and sharing system in the social field, and the absolute leadership of the party over the army in the military field;The essence of leadership is the leadership of the communist party of China.In these four aspects, leadership and institutional aspect serve the material and value aspect.Due to the complexity of socialist practice and the openness of socialist exploration, when we comprehend the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we should know it is not easy to be perfect, the priority is to maintain the openness of understanding.