个人信息合作保护的可能与限度——基于共享合作行动理论的分析

The Possibility and Limit of Cooperative Protection of Personal Information: Analysis Based on Share Cooperative Activity Theory

个人信息保护是一项需要合作以谋求个人、企业与政府共同受益的复杂法律实践,但各主体间如何参与合作并实现互惠共赢仍面临困窘局面。共享合作行动理论以共享意图为背景框架,通过共同认识与行动、相互回应与支持以及和平开放地解决偏好冲突等路径,对隐私政策的设计、应用与监督这三个过程进行系统性关照与针对性纠偏。这不仅正视了隐私政策现存的诸多无效或不足的境况,而且有效地指引了隐私政策未来的可改进方向。个人信息保护的合作实践可减少信息不对称、认知缺陷、缺乏信任以及多元偏好等情形对个人信息的威胁,但也需要克服主体间权力失衡、态度各异以及目标不一等三方面的不利因素。

Personal information protection is a complicated legal practice that requires cooperation to seek the common benefits of individual, enterprise and government, but how to participate in cooperation and achieve mutual benefit is still facing a difficult situation. Share cooperative activity,which shared intention as its framework, through mutual understanding and action, respond and support each other and peace open preferences conflict resolution, systematic cares and targeted corrects the design, application and supervise of privacy policies. It faces the existing many invalid or insufficient situation of privacy policies, and effectively points to the future direction of privacy policies improvement. The collaborative practice of personal information can reduce the threats to personal information protection, such as information asymmetry, cognitive deficiency, lack of trust and multiple preferences, but it also needs to overcome the disadvantages of power imbalance, different attitudes and different goals among subjects.