内镜辅助新西兰兔咽喉反流病动物模型建立方法的改进与比较

Endoscopic-guided establishment of the animal model of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease on New Zealand rabbits:comparison and improvement

目的在国内外咽喉反流病(LPRD)动物模型建立的基础上,提出食管球囊扩张建模的新方法,并与国内外常见的食管内支架联合食管球囊扩张的方法进行比较。方法选取生理状态相似的新西兰兔32只,以随机数表法对其进行编号,并将实验兔均分为3组,分别为实验A组(n=11)、实验B组(n=11)和对照组(n=10)。实验A组采用球囊扩张食管上括约肌(UES)和食管下括约肌(LES)的方法制作LPRD动物模型;实验B组在LES处以球囊扩张,在UES处以金属支架进行扩张;对照组在UES和LES处分别置入食管球囊,但不对球囊进行扩张。定期观察实验兔的一般生长情况及生存状态,监测酸反流情况,取建模4周后声带组织行病理学染色,比较实验组与对照组间的差异。结果实验A组和实验B组相较于对照组,在酸反流事件数、最长反流时间和酸反流时间百分率上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验A组和实验B组在酸反流事件数、最长反流时间和酸反流时间百分率上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论食管球囊扩张建模的方法可以完成LPRD动物模型,与食管内支架联合食管球囊扩张效果相近,但其操作简便,术后动物模型死亡率更低。

Objective Based on the current situation of the methods for making animal models of laryngopharyngeal reflux diseases(LPRD),a new approach is proposed with balloon dilation of the esophagus,which compared with the classic method using esophageal balloon together with internal stent dilation,which is common at home and abroad.Methods The selected 32 New Zealand rabbits were similar in physiological state,numbered in a random numbering table method.And the experimental rabbits were divided into 3 groups,respectively,experimental group A(n=11),experimental group B(n=11),and control group(n=10).Experiment group A reproduces animal models by balloon dilation of the upper esophageal sphincter(UES)and lower esophageal sphincter(LES),while balloon dilatation and metal internal stent dilation were carried out in experiment group B.The guide wire was placed in the control group,but the balloon was not expanded.The general condition,survival status and acid reflux of hypopharynx,histopathological staining was performed on laryngeal histopathology 4 weeks after disease modeling.The difference between experimental group A,experimental group B and control group was compared.Results Experimental group A and experimental group B have statistical differences in acid reflux events,maximum reflux time and percentage of reflux time from control group(P<0.05).However,there is no statistical difference in the three indicators referred above between experimental group A and experimental group B(P>0.05).Conclusion The approach of balloon dilation of esophagus can be used to establish an animal model of LPRD,which is easy to operate,whose effects were comparable with the method using esophageal balloon together with internal stent dilation,while postoperative mortality is lower.