查吾拉牦牛泌乳性能测定及血液指标分析

Lactation Performance and Blood Index Analysis of Chawula Yaks

为明确查吾拉牦牛的泌乳性能及血液指标特征,本试验选取15头雌性查吾拉牦牛并收集其乳样和血液,进行牛乳性能测定和血液指标测定。试验结果显示:成年(4~5岁)雌性查吾拉牦牛的7~9月份产奶量为(2.25±0.49)~(3.47±0.33) kg,其中峰值月份为7月份;查吾拉牦牛的鲜乳品质指标最高为非脂乳固体(9.30%±0.29%)和脂肪(6.61%±0.89%),最低为固形物(0.75%±0.03%),且其pH为6.53±0.08,符合正常牛鲜乳酸碱范围;查吾拉牦牛血液指标检测结果显示,数值最高的血清生化指标主要包括α-羟丁酸为(829.26±111.72)U/L、乳酸脱氢酶为(808.70±93.10)U/L、肌酸激酶为(238.79±146.69)U/L等,数值最低指标包括尿素氮/肌酐为0.06±0.02、β-2微球蛋白为(0.10±0.06)mg/L、胱抑素C为(0.10±0.02)mg/L等;本试验还分析构建了查吾拉牦牛39项血清生化指标和16项血常规指标的95%置信区间参考范围,其中25项血清生化指标和16项血常规指标符合正态分布。因此,本试验在述清查吾拉牦牛的泌乳性能及血液指标的基础上进一步完善查吾拉牦牛遗传资源特性的鉴定,为今后品种资源开发与利用提供了理论数据参考。

In order to study the characteristics of lactation performance and blood index of Chawula yaks,this study selected 15female Chawula yaks and collected milk and blood samples for lactation performance and blood index measurements.The results showed that the milk production by adult(4-5 years old) female Chawula yaks ranged from(2.25 ± 0.49) kg to(3.47 ± 0.33) kg during July-September and with the peak month of July.Additionally,the highest quality indicators of fresh milk from Chawula yaks were non-fat milk solids(9.30% ± 0.29%) and fat(6.61% ± 0.89%),while the lowest quality indicators were solids(0.75% ±0.03%) and pH(6.53 ± 0.08).All these indicators were within the range of normal cattle fresh lactate.From the aspect of Chawula yak blood indicators,the serum biochemical indicators with the highest values were:α-hydroxybutyrate(829.26 ± 111.72) U/L,lactate dehydrogenase(808.70 ± 93.10) U/L and creatine kinase(238.79 ± 146.69) U/L.The lowest indicators were urea nitrogen/creatinine(0.06 ± 0.02),β-2 microglobulin(0.10 ± 0.06) mg/L and cystatin C(0.10 ± 0.02) mg/L.Further,this study analyzed and constructed the 95% confidence interval reference ranges for 39 serum biochemical indexes and 16 blood routine indexes of Chawula yaks.Among them,25 serum biochemical indexes and 16 blood routine indexes were confirmed to follow normal distribution.Thus,through lactation performance and blood index,this study determined the genetic characteristics of Chawula yaks and provided a theoretical data reference for future development and utilization of breed resources.