“功能性-表达性模型”与中国警察信任——基于全国样本的多重中介与调节模型分析

Instrumental and Expressive Models and Police Trust in China-A Multiple Mediation and Moderation Analysis

功能性模型认为,提升警察信任的主要方法在于预防和控制犯罪,降低犯罪率与提升公众安全感;而表达性模型认为,提升警察信任更应注重维护社会正义与社区凝聚力。基于提出促进中国警察信任度提高的理论模型,提升公众获得感、幸福感、安全感,实现国家和社会整体安全的最终目的,采用结构方程模型验证“功能性-表达性模型”与中国警察信任关系的结果表明,功能性模型与表达性模型内部因素之间存在显著路径关系,同时功能性模型显著影响表达性模型指标进而改变公众对警察的信任程度。经调节效应分析后发现,主观社会阶层负向调节被害经历到犯罪恐惧感的直接路径,社交媒体使用负向调节犯罪恐惧感到警察信任的直接路径;在主观社会阶层和社交媒体使用的共同调节作用下,“被害经历→犯罪恐惧感→警察信任”中介路径效应值,随社交媒体使用频率的提升而增大,随主观社会阶层的升高而减小。

The instrumental model suggests that the primary way to increase police trust is to prevent and control crimes and enhance the sense of safety,whereas the expressive model denotes that police trust can be cultivated by maintaining social justice and community cohesion.To extend the existing literature,the current research aims to propose an“instrumental-expressive model”to examine its effects on Chinese police trust.Using the data of World Value Survey 2017-2020(China),we implemented structural equation modeling to test the predictability of the“instrumental-expressive model”on Chinese trust in the police.The results show that there is a significant path relationship between instrumental variables(i.e.,victimization experience and fear of crime)and expressive variables(generalized trust and life satisfaction),indicating that the“instrumental model”affects police trust through the“expressive model”.For the moderating effect analysis,we found that subjective social class negatively regulates the direct path of victim s experience of crime fear,while social media uses negatively moderates the effect of crime fear on the direct path of police trust;Under the joint regulation of subjective social class and social media use,the intermediary path effect value of“victim s experience→crime fear→police trust”is positively associated with social media use intensity and is negatively associated with subjective social class.