慢性心力衰竭患者健康信息素养与自我管理行为及生活质量的相关性

Correlations of health information literacy with self-management behavior and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure

目的探讨健康信息素养(HIL)对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者自我管理行为和生活质量的影响。方法采用便利抽样法选取223例CHF患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)、中国居民HIL自评量表、心力衰竭自我护理指数量表(SCHFI)对患者进行问卷调查。分析HIL总分及其各维度得分与自我管理行为总分、生活质量得分的相关性,并分析自我管理行为、生活质量的影响因素。结果CHF患者HIL总分为16.83(12.92,21.92)分,自我管理行为总分为(136.38±46.65)分,生活质量得分为0.937(0.856,0.973)分。相关性分析显示,HIL总分及其各维度得分与自我管理行为总分、生活质量得分均呈显著正相关(P<0.001)。多因素分析结果显示,文化程度、吸烟史、是否有运动习惯、健康信息道德和健康信息认知均为自我管理行为的独立影响因素(P<0.05),心功能分级和健康信息认知均为生活质量的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论CHF患者HIL、自我管理行为和生活质量水平均有待提升,且CHF患者HIL水平可影响其自我管理行为和生活质量。医护人员有必要对CHF患者加强HIL培养,以促进患者落实自我管理行为并提高生活质量。

Objective To explore impact of health information literacy on self-management behaviors and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods A total of 223 patients with CHF were selected as study objects by convenient sampling method.The patients were investigated by general information questionnaire,European Five Dimensional Health Scale(EQ-5 D),Chinese Resident HIL Self-assessment Scale and Heart Failure Self-care Index(SCHFI).The correlations of the total HIL score and its dimensional scores with the total self-management behavior score and quality of life score were analyzed,and the influencing factors of self-management behavior and quality of life were analyzed.Results The total score of CHF patients’health information literacy(HIL)was 16.83(12.92,21.92),self-managementbehavior was(136.38±46.65),and quality of life was 0.937(0.856,0.973).Correlation analysis showed that the total HIL score and its dimensional scores were positively correlated with the total self-management score and quality of life score(P<0.001).The results of multivariate analysis showed that educational level,smoking history,exercise habits or not,health information ethics and health information cognition were independent influencing factors of self-management behavior(P<0.05),and cardiac function grade and health information cognition were independent influencing factors of quality of life(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of HIL,self-management behaviors and quality of life of CHF patients need to be improved and the level of HIL of CHF patients can affect self-management behaviors and quality of life.Therefore,it is necessary for medical staff to strengthen HIL training for patients with CHF so as to promote the implementation of self-management behaviors and improve the quality of life.