超空泡射弹并联入水多相流场与弹道特性研究

Multiphase flow field and trajectory characteristics of two supercavitating projectiles in parallel water-entry

弹丸并联入水工况在实际作战环境中时有发生,然而针对超空泡射弹并联入水的研究较少。基于重叠网格技术,采用RANS方程、Schnerr-Sauer空化模型、Realizable k-ε湍流模型对超空泡射弹入水过程进行数值模拟,计算值与试验数据吻合情况良好,验证了数值方法的有效性。对不同弹丸间距及不同初速下的超空泡射弹开展多工况数值模拟,详细分析并联超空泡射弹的入水流场特性及弹道特性。研究结果表明:弹丸间距过小将对弹道稳定性产生不利影响;初速一定时,弹丸间距越小,弹丸产生的空泡对称性越差,弹丸所受横向力越大,弹道稳定性越差;弹丸间距越小,弹丸内侧沾湿现象越明显,速度衰减越快;随着弹丸间距的增大,弹丸之间的干扰将逐渐减弱,当弹丸间距增加到3 D时,两弹丸之间几乎无干扰。

The water entry condition of projectiles in parallel often occurs in the actual combat environment.However,there were few studies on the parallel water entry of supercavitating projectiles.Based on the overset mesh technique,the water entry process of projectiles was numerically simulated by using RANS equation,Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model and Realizable k-εturbulence model.The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data,which verifies the effectiveness of the numerical method.The numerical simulation of projectiles with different projectile distance and different initial velocity was carried out,and the flow field characteristics and trajectory characteristics of parallel projectiles were analyzed in detail.The result shows that a small projectile distance will have an adverse effect on the ballistic stability;when the initial velocity is constant,the smaller the projectile distance is,the worse the symmetry of the cavitation is,and it also leads to the greater lateral force and the worse ballistic stability;the phenomena of wetting on the inside of the projectile and velocity attenuation are more obvious in smaller distance between projectiles;with the increase of the projectiles distance,the interference between projectiles will gradually weaken,and when the distance between projectiles increases to 3D,there is almost no interference between two projectiles.