不同类型炸药水下爆炸时冰层损伤特性研究

Damage characteristics of ice layer during underwater blasting of different types of explosives

为了探究水下爆炸冲击波与气泡脉动载荷联合作用下冰层损伤特性以及不同类型含能炸药水下爆炸对冰层损伤特性。采用动力学分析软件LS-DYNA中的任意拉格朗日欧拉(ALE)法建立了计算水下爆炸气泡动力学模型及水下爆炸冰-水全耦合模型,考虑了冲击波载荷及复杂的气泡载荷耦合全过程;在此基础上,分析了烈性奥克托今炸药(HMX)及不同铝氧比黑索金炸药(RDX)对冰层损伤特性的影响。研究结果表明:计算模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好,验证了计算模型的有效性;揭示了水下爆炸冲击波和气泡载荷联合作用下的冰层损伤机理;HMX炸药对冰层的损伤威力更强,RDX(0.36)比RDX(0)、RDX(0.16)、RDX(0.63)对冰层产生的毁伤效应要强,其与TNT对冰层造成的毁伤效应强度接近。依据研究结果冲击波载荷是造成冰层损伤区域大小的主要毁伤元素,而气泡载荷主要影响冰层毁伤区域的破碎形态;根据不同毁伤目标应用特性,调节炸药配方比,改变冲击波能与气泡能的输出结构,可实现冰层的不同毁伤模式。

Here,to explore ice layer damage characteristics under combined action of underwater explosion shock wave and bubble pulsation load and ice layer damage characteristics caused by underwater explosion of different types of energetic explosives,the underwater explosion bubble dynamic model and the underwater explosion ice-water fully coupled model were established by using the arbitrary Lagrange-Euler(ALE)method in the dynamic analysis software LS-DYNA considering shock wave load-complex bubble load coupled overall process.Then,effects of strong octogen explosive(HMX)and hexogen explosives(RDX)with different Al/O ratios on ice layer damage characteristics were analyzed.The study results showed that numerical simulation results agree well with test results to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model;the ice layer damage mechanism under the combined action of underwater explosion shock wave and bubble load are revealed;HMX explosive has stronger damage power to ice,RDX(0.36)has a stronger damage effect on ice layer than RDX(0),RDX(0.16)and RDX(0.63),RDX(0.36)’s damage effect is close to that of TNT;shock wave load is the main damage element to determine the size of ice layer damage area,while bubble load mainly affects crushing form of ice layer damage area;according to the application characteristics of different damage targets,different damage modes of ice layer can be realized by adjusting explosive formula ratio and changing output structure of shock wave energy and bubble energy.