有效微生物对设施连作茄子产量、品质及黄萎病发病率的影响

Effects of Effective Microorganisms on the Yield,Quality and the Incidence Rate of Verticillium wilt of Continuous Cropping Eggplant in Facility

以设施栽培茄子为试材,在连作茄子10年以上的连栋塑料温室内,采用人工浇灌方法,研究了使用4种常用微生物菌剂处理对黄萎病高发区设施连作茄子产量、品质、黄萎病发病率和病情指数的影响,以期为设施连作茄子黄萎病使用生物防控提供参考依据。结果表明:4种微生物制剂均能显著提高茄子产量、品质、根际土壤酶活性,改善根际微生物区系,降低黄萎病发病率和病情指数。使用EM菌剂效果最好,其次是枯草芽孢杆菌、木霉菌、丛枝菌根真菌。研究表明,在设施连作茄子黄萎病高发地区,可使用有效微生物制剂处理育苗基质和田间土壤,能显著降低茄子黄萎病发病率和病情指数,提高茄子产量和品质。

Taking facility-cultivated eggplant as test materials,the effects of four commonly used microbial inoculants on the yield,quality,incidence rate and disease index of Verticillium wilt in facilities with high incidence of Verticillium wilt were studied with artificial watering method,in order to provide reference for the biological control of Verticillium wilt in continuous cultivation of eggplant.The results showed that the four microbial preparations could significantly increase eggplant yield,quality,rhizosphere soil enzyme activity,improve rhizosphere microflora,and reduce the incidence and disease index of Verticillium wilt.EM inoculants had the best effect,followed by Bacillus subtilis,Trichoderma,and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.This study confirmed that in areas with high incidence of eggplant Verticillium wilt,effective microbial preparations can be used to treat seedling substrate and field soil,which can significantly reduce the incidence and disease index of eggplant Verticillium wilt,and improve eggplant yield and quality.