平台经济下数字零工的劳动权益保障研究

Research on the Labor Rights Protection of Digital Gig Workers under the Platform Economy

灵活就业是数字经济背景下的新型就业方式,如何加强数字零工等灵活就业人员的劳动权益保障已成为亟待解决的问题。基于马克思主义政治经济学视角对数字零工进行概念辨析与界定可以发现,平台企业和数字零工的劳动关系具有特殊性,这一特殊性体现在资本从生产、分配、劳动强度和劳动时间方面加剧了对数字零工剩余价值的压榨,引发了数字零工职业保障不足、收入分配不公、“泰罗制”管理和职业晋升不畅等劳动权益保障问题。在全面开启建设社会主义现代化强国之际,为构建和谐劳动关系,落实共享发展理念,推动新时代共同富裕,应明确数字零工的法律身份,健全配套职业保障制度,加强对平台企业无序扩张的反垄断监管力度,并打破数字零工职业发展的天花板。

Flexible employment is a new type of employment in the context of the digital economy.How to strengthen the protection of labor rights of flexible employees such as digital gig workers has become an urgent problem to be solved.Based on the conceptual analysis and definition of digital gig workers from the perspective of Marxist political economy,this paper finds that the labor relationship between platform companies and digital gig workers is unique.This particularity is reflected in the fact that capital intensifies the squeeze on the surplus value of digital gig workers in terms of production,distribution,labor intensity and labor time,which leads to issues concerning the protection of labor rights such as insufficient occupational security,unfair income distribution,the management of the"Taylor system"and poor career advancement.On the occasion of building a modern and powerful socialist country in an all-round way,in order to build harmonious labor relations,implement the concept of shared development,and promote common prosperity in the new era,we should clarify the legal identity of digital gig workers,improve the supporting occupational security system,strengthen anti-monopoly supervision over the disorderly expansion of platform companies,and break the ceiling of digital gig career development.