我国地方创新集群形成与演化研究——基于产业链整合视角

Research on the Formation and Evolution of Local Innovation Clusters in China——Based on the Perspective of Industrial Chain Integration

在创新集群成为全球各主要国家创新经济发展主体形态的背景下,我国如何引导创新集群加快形成,成为深入实施创新驱动发展战略和推动高质量发展的重要基础,也是社会各界关切的热点话题。本文基于产业链整合视角首次构建一个统一分析框架,揭示创新集群形成与演化的内在机理。研究显示:产业链内部整合能够通过本地市场效应吸引创新要素集聚,且这种集聚又会通过知识溢出效应反过来促进产业链内部进一步整合,而产业链外部整合则通过优化创新制度环境促进创新集群加速形成。这可以概括为创新集群形成与演化的诱发机制、自增强机制和加速机制,但这些动力机制存在“逆转”为阻力机制的可能,二者共同决定了创新集群有着萌芽阶段、成长阶段、成熟阶段和调整阶段的生命周期演化过程。本文在回应学术界相关争议的同时,为政府制定科学政策推进创新集群建设提供了重要的理论支持。

Under the background that innovation clusters have become the main form of innovative economic developmentin major countries,how should China accomplish the accelerated formation of innovation clusters has been an important basis for implementing innovation-driven strategies and promoting high-quality development and also become a hot topic in China.This paper builds a unified analysis framework to reveal the internal mechanism of the formation and evolution of innovation clusters from the perspective of industrial chain integration.It shows that the internal integration of the industrial chains can promote the agglomeration of innovation factors through the home market effect,and this agglomeration will in turn boost further integration within the industrial chains through the knowledge spillover effect,while the external integration of the industrial chains accelerates the formation of innovation clusters by optimizing the innovation system environment.This can be summarized as the induction mechanism,self-enhancement mechanism and acceleration mechanism of the formation and evolution of innovation clusters.However,these driving forces all have the possibility of"reversing"into resistance,and the two work together to cause innovation clusters’life cycle evolution of budding stage,growth stage,mature stage and adjustment stage.The findings respond to relevant disputes in academia,and also provides important theoretical support for the government to formulate scientific policies to accelerate the construction of innovation clusters.