数字经济背景下全球价值链的风险及其放大:表征透视、机理建构与防控调适

Risk Amplification of GVC under the Background of Digital Economy:External Representation,Internal Mechanism and Preventive Strategy

数字经济发展正改变着工业经济时代下的社会生产方式,商品形式、劳动形态以及财富分配都随之发生重大调整,全球价值链面临着内生性风险和外生性风险对链条持续性的双重夹击,风险的社会放大成为后疫情时代全球价值链数字化重构的重要表征。在资本逻辑的统摄下,资本对高利润量的追求与一般利润率趋向下降之间的内在张力,使风险不断生成。全球价值链是资本积累方式演化的结果,在对时间的无限压缩、空间的不断扩张以及劳动过程的深刻变化中,风险不断放大。尤其在全球价值链的数字资本推进中,随着资本集中速率不断加快、“中心—外围”国际分工体系被强化为“中心—散点”结构、劳动力“弹性化”与“去边界化”不断增强,资本逻辑主导的风险自我发展运动过程和再生产结构不断彰显和放大。面对数字经济背景下全球价值链的风险放大,要从国家统摄、产业强基、企业赋能三个层面构建多主体风险防控体系以及基于人类命运共同体的全球数字治理体系。

The development of digital economy is changing the social production mode,labor form,commodity form and wealth distribution in the era of industrial economy.The global value chain(GVC)faces the continuous double attack of endogenous risk and exogenous risk on the chains.Social amplification of risk has become an important representation of the digital reconstruction of GVC in the post-pandemic era.Under the control of capital logic,the inherent tension between capital’s pursuit of high profit and the tendency of the profit rate to fall makes the risks constantly generate.GVC is the result of the evolution of capital accumulation mode.With the infinite compression of time,the continuous expansion of space and the profound changes of labor process,the risks are constantly amplified.Especially in the promotion of digital capital in GVC,the rate of capital concentration accelerates,the"center-periphery"international division system develops into a"center-scatter"structure,and the"flexibility"and"non-boundary"of labor force are strengthened accordingly,which highlights and amplifies the risk self-development process and reproduction structure dominated by capital logic.Faced with the risk amplification of GVC under the background of digital economy,it is necessary to build a multi-agent risk prevention and control system and a global digital governance based on a community of shared future for mankind from three levels including national control,strong industrial base,and enterprise empowerment.