基于Flow-3d的异侧竖缝底孔组合式鱼道水力特性研究

Research on Hydraulic Characteristics of Combined Fishway with Vertical Slots and Bottom Holes on Different Sides Based on Flow-3d

在水利工程内部设置鱼道等过鱼设施,可保障鱼类洄游、促进上下游种群和基因交流。良好的流动结构,有利于鱼类溯游,提高鱼类上溯率。利用Rhino和Flow-3d软件,建立组合式鱼道的三维模型,对竖缝与孔口组合式鱼道的水力特性进行数值模拟研究,分析鱼道的流速分布和能量耗散率随水深的变化规律,研究鱼道的流场特性对鱼类洄游的影响。结果表明,设计流量条件下,不同水深的流速分布均能达到鱼类上溯条件,流速随着水深增加而减小;紊动能在开孔高度的最高处达到最大值,池室紊动能均在0.131 m^(2)/s^(2)以下,各池室水平方向流速与紊动能的分布对鱼类洄游影响较小。本文研究成果可为优化鱼道设计提供一定参考。

Fishway are set inside the water conservancy project to ensure fish migration and promote upstream and downstream populations and gene exchange.A good flow structure is conducive to fish upstream and improve the upward velocity of fish.In this paper,the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the combined fishway is established by using Rhino and flow-3d software,the hydraulic characteristics of the combined fishway with vertical joint and orifice are numerically simulated,the variation laws of the velocity distribution and energy dissipation rate of the fishway with water depth are analyzed,and the influence of the flow field characteristics of the fishway on fish migration is studied.The results show that under the design flow condition,the velocity distribution of different water depths can reach the fish uptrack condition,and the velocity decreases as the water depth increases;the turbulent kinetic energy reaches the maximum at the highest point of the opening height,The turbulent kinetic energy of the tanks is below 0.131 m^(2)/s^(2),and the distribution of the horizontal velocity and turbulent kinetic energy of each tank has little effect on fish migration.The research results of this paper can provide a certain reference for optimizing fishway design.