近义抽象名词“规则-规律”的语义特征与型式搭配验证

Semantic Features and Verification of Pattern Collocation of Abstract Nouns Synonyms“Guize-Guilv”

“规则—规律”是一对常见的近义抽象名词,近义词典多举例说明二者异同。文章基于BCC语料库,尝试从型式搭配角度考察其语义特征。文章认为,“规则”具有人为性、程序性、外在性和规约性等语义特征,受评价义形容词修饰。客观性是“规律”的本质语义特征,并以此为核心衍生必然性、内在性和永恒性等语义特征。“规则—规律”的深入对比研究,可为相关词典修订和汉语近义抽象名词教学提供有效参考。

“GuiZe-GuiLv”is a pair of near-sense abstract nouns.The similarities and differences of the two abstract nouns synonyms are illustrated by examples.Based on“BCC corpus”,the paper attempts to investigate their semantic features from the perspective of pattern collocation,stating that“GuiZe(rule)”has the semantic characteristics of artificiality,procedurality,externality and conventionality,and is modified by evaluation adjectives.Objectivity is the essential semantic feature of“GuiLv(law)”,from which semantic features such as inevitability,internality,and eternality are derived.The in-depth comparative analysis of“GuiZe-GuiLv”can provide an effective reference for the revision of relevant dictionaries and the teaching of Chinese abstract nouns synonyms.