村镇木结构建筑实体火灾试验研究

Study on the Equal Scale Fire Test of Wooden Structure Buildings in Villages and Towns

为研究村镇木结构建筑的火灾风险,本文参照贵州民居的建造形式及火灾荷载,开展了全尺寸的木结构房屋火灾试验。研究了传统村镇木结构建筑火灾的发展蔓延规律;并结合实体试验和木材燃烧热值的测试结果,进一步证实了木结构房屋经风干后,材料具有更高的燃烧热值,极易造成火灾蔓延。实体建筑火灾试验结果表明:采用涂刷防火涂料和设置防火墙的措施,能够有效减缓火灾发展和蔓延的过程;在火灾初起阶段,及时采取消防水进行灭火的措施,能够有效阻止火灾的蔓延扩大。

In order to study the fire risk of wooden structure buildings in villages and towns,a full-size wooden structure house fire test was carried out according to the construction form and fire load of Guizhou’s dwellings.The fire development and spread rule of wooden structure building in traditional villages and towns was studied.Combined with the equal scale test and wood burning calorific value test results,it is further confirmed that wood structure building after air drying the materials have higher burning calorific value,which could easily cause fire spread.The fire test results of the equal scale buildings show that the fire development and spread can be slowed down effectively by applying fire retardant coating and setting firewall.In the initial stage of fire,taking fire water extinguishing measures in time can effectively prevent the spread and expansion of fire.