也说“園(园)”

On "Yuan"(Garden)

“園(园)”是风景园林学科的“元概念”之一。现有对“園”的解释主要基于“囗”与“袁”组合的象形认知,却存在谬误,且未能触及其本质。训诂是传统小学中用来对汉字进行追本溯源的方法,将训诂学用于厘清“園(园)”最为原始的音、形、义及其后世流变,揭示“園”源于“圓”“圜”,最初是与“祀天”功能相关的“自然空间”。从殷商至战国,“袁”逐渐代替“圓”“圜”中的“員”“睘”讹为“園”,继承并扩大其字义。简化字“园”亦有与“祀天”相关的“圓”“圜”的渊源,隐含了古人宇宙观、时空观的传承。“天人合一”“人与天调”始终是“園(园)”的基本内涵,是当今风景园林之“元”。

"Yuan"(園and园)is one of the meta concepts of Chinese landscape architecture.Current understanding of"Yuan"(園)is mainly based on the pictographic cognition of the combination of"囗"and"袁",but is of fallacies and fails to illustrate its essence."Xungu"is a method to trace the origin of Chinese characters in Chinese traditional study,through which this study clarifies the most primitive sound,shape,meaning and later generations of"Yuan"(園and园).It reveals that"Yuan"(園)originated from"Yuan"(圓)representing circle,and"Yuan"(圜)representing sky,and was initially a kind of"natural space"related to the function of"sacrificing the sky".From Shang to the Warring States,the character"袁"gradually replaced"員"in"Yuan"(圓)and"睘"in"Yuan"(圜),resulting in a new character"園",with an inheritance and expansion of their meaning.The simplified character"园"also has the origin of"Yuan"(圓)and"Yuan"(圜),which implies the inheritance of the ancient view of the universe and the view of time and space.The"unity of man and nature"and"harmony between man and nature"have always been the basic connotation of"Yuan"(園and园),and is the most basic concept of today's Chinese landscape architecture.