梨园宽行密植栽培技术的探讨

Discussion on cultivation techniques of wide-row and dense-planting in pear orchard

梨园宽行密植栽培是以自由纺锤形、细长纺锤形、圆柱形等简化、高光效树形为主,采用宽行距、窄株距,适于机械化、省力化、标准化管理的新型栽培模式。介绍了梨园宽行密植栽培技术的特点及应用情况,总结了其优点和生产上存在的主要问题,从栽植密度、立架搭建、苗木栽植、适宜树形、整形修剪、花果管理、土肥水管理、病虫害防控等方面概述了梨园宽行密植栽培的技术要点。

The wide-row dense planting cultivation technology of pear orchard is mainly based on the simplified and high light efficiency tree shapes such as free spindle shape,slender spindle shape and cylindrical shape,and adopts the design of“large row spacing and narrow plant spacing”,which is a new cultivation mode suitable for mechanized,labor-saving and standardized management,having the advantages of simple tree structure,good ventilation and light transmission conditions,time-saving and labor-saving management,and suitable for mechanized management,and has broad prospects for application.This paper mainly introduced the characteristics and application of the wide-row dense planting technology,summarized its advantages and main problems in production,and comprehensively summarized the technical points from the aspects of planting density,supporting system construction,seedling planting,suitable tree shape,shaping and pruning,flower and fruit management,soil and water management,and pest control,in order to provide reference for the further application of wide-row dense planting cultivation technology in pear orchards.