置信职业行为在全科医学领域的应用现状与展望

Entrustable Professional Activities in General Practice:Applications and Prospects

为增强基于胜任力的医学教育(CBME)在临床实践环境中的可操作性,荷兰医学教育家于2005年提出置信职业行为(EPAs)概念。经过十多年的发展,EPAs在各国的多个医学专业培训与评估中取得长足进展,并逐渐在全科医学领域产生广泛影响。美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国学者开发了全科EPAs清单,并将EPAs应用于对学员的监督和评估,以及对监督者的置信决策等方面。但我国对EPAs的研究尚处于起步阶段,在全科医学领域基本处于空白状态。本研究重点梳理了EPAs在全科医学领域的研究进展,分析了EPAs在全科医学领域应用的潜在问题及进一步的研究方向,以期为中国学者开展相关研究提供参考。

The concept of entrustable professional activities(EPAs)was initiated by a medical professor in the Netherlands in 2005 with the aim of enhancing the implementation of competency-based medical education(CBME)in clinical practice.After more than ten years of development,great progress has been made in EPAs(mainly for training and assessment)in a variety of medical specialties in many countries,which has influenced general practice significantly.Some countries such as Canada,Australia and the U.S.have been developing their own EPAs in general practice,which can be applied to the supervision and assessment of trainees,and the entrustment decisions of supervisors.To our best knowledge,limited research in China has been focused on the EPAs,let alone their applications in general practice.We analysed the research developments,potential challenges and prospects of EPAs in general practice,hoping to provide evidence for future research in China.