何谓城市韧性?——对韧性城市基本概念的分析

What is Urban Resilience?--An Analysis of the Basic Concepts of Resilient Cities

随着风险社会的来临,韧性城市建设日益成为理论界和实务界共同关注的议题,其实质在于主动探索增强城市系统调适能力的方法和路径,以提升城市系统应对复杂性和不确定性的风险治理能力。城市韧性概念由工程韧性、生态韧性向演进韧性的谱系演变,不仅拓展了韧性概念的学术边界,而且丰富了城市韧性能力的主要内容,更支撑了韧性城市的整体性建设。城市韧性概念从自然韧性向社会韧性的演进过程,意味着城市韧性能力的提高应当聚焦于物理韧性与治理韧性的有效融合,以应对城市社会风险的级联效应和系统关联性。在推动韧性城市建设过程中,应当摒弃单一韧性思维,寻求以多维度韧性共同强化机制为目标的复合韧性思维,全面系统地提升城市系统的韧性能力。

With the advent of risk society,the construction of resilient cities has increasingly become a topic of common concern in both theoretical and practical circles.Its essence is to actively explore ways and paths to enhance the adaptive capacity of urban system,so as to enhance the risk management capacity of urban system to cope with complexity and uncertainty.The concept of urban resilience evolved from engineering resilience and ecological resilience to evolutionary resilience,which has not only expanded the academic boundary of the concept of resilience,but also enriched the main content of urban resilience,and supported the overall construction of resilient cities.Specifically,the evolution of the concept of urban resilience from natural resilience to social resilience means the improvement of urban resilience,which should focus on the effective integration of physical resilience and governance resilience,so as to cope with the cascading effects and systemic relevance of urban social risks.Therefore,in the process of promoting the construction of resilient cities,we should abandon the single resilience thinking and seek for the multi-dimensional joint strengthening mechanism of resilience to comprehensively and systematically improve the resilience capacity of urban system.